šāfaṭ שָׁפַט ‘to judge’ (Hebrew)

Etymology^?: a primitive root

šāfaṭ v
1) to judge, govern, vindicate, punish
 1a) (Qal)
  1a1) to act as law-giver or judge or governor (of God, man)
1a1a) to rule, govern, judge
  1a2) to decide controversy (of God, man)
  1a3) to execute judgment
1a3a) discriminating (of man)
1a3b) vindicating
1a3c) condemning and punishing
1a3d) at theophanic advent for final judgment
 1b) (Niphal)
  1b1) to enter into controversy, plead, have controversy together
  1b2) to be judged
 1c) (Poel) judge, opponent-at-law (participle)